Journal: eLife

Article Title: The small molecule ISRIB rescues the stability and activity of Vanishing White Matter Disease eIF2B mutant complexes

doi: 10.7554/eLife.32733

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Thapsigargin (1 mM stock concentration in DMSO) was dispensed into wells using a Tecan D300e digital dispenser, and incubated at 37°C for the specified time.

Techniques: Clone Assay, Generated, Recombinant, CRISPR, Plasmid Preparation, Sequencing, Luciferase, Synthesized

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: VirR-Mediated Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes against Food Antimicrobials and Cross-Protection Induced by Exposure to Organic Acid Salts

doi: 10.1128/AEM.00648-15

Figure Lengend Snippet: Membrane integrity of the parent strain H7858 and the ΔvirR mutant strain under NIS, LAE, EPL, or CHI exposure for 24 h at 7°C. The relative dye ratios were calculated as the fluorescence ratio (SYTO9 to propidium iodide) for the antimicrobial-treated parent strain and the ΔvirR mutant divided by the fluorescence ratio of the untreated parent strain and the ΔvirR mutant. Asterisks indicate the relative dye ratios for H7858 ΔvirR under each antimicrobial stress that were significantly (P < 0.05) different from the ratios for the parent strain. The data represent the means and the standard deviations of three biological replicates.

Article Snippet: The stock antimicrobial concentrations were 500 μg/ml (NIS), 1,000 μg/ml (LAE), 50,000 μg/ml (EPL), and 50,000 μg/ml (CHI), and they were prepared in sterile H 2 O except for CHI, which was prepared in 1% (vol/vol) acetic acid as previously described ( 31 ).

Techniques: Membrane, Mutagenesis, Fluorescence

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: VirR-Mediated Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes against Food Antimicrobials and Cross-Protection Induced by Exposure to Organic Acid Salts

doi: 10.1128/AEM.00648-15

Figure Lengend Snippet: Log decrease in cell density for the parent strain H7858 and the ΔvirR, ΔdltA, ΔmprF, and ΔanrAB mutants exposed to NIS (0.5 μg/ml), LAE (20 μg/ml), EPL (500 μg/ml), or CHI (50 μg/ml) for 24 h at 7°C. For each antimicrobial, strains with the same letter were not significantly different from each other (P > 0.05). The data represent the means and the standard deviations of three biological replicates.

Article Snippet: The stock antimicrobial concentrations were 500 μg/ml (NIS), 1,000 μg/ml (LAE), 50,000 μg/ml (EPL), and 50,000 μg/ml (CHI), and they were prepared in sterile H 2 O except for CHI, which was prepared in 1% (vol/vol) acetic acid as previously described ( 31 ).

Techniques:

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: VirR-Mediated Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes against Food Antimicrobials and Cross-Protection Induced by Exposure to Organic Acid Salts

doi: 10.1128/AEM.00648-15

Figure Lengend Snippet: Model of VirR-mediated resistance to food antimicrobials, based on our data and previously proposed modes of action for these antimicrobials. The figure was adapted from a previous publication (53). The L. monocytogenes cell envelope consisting of the cell wall (gray) and the cytoplasmic membrane (below gray area) is shown. Teichoic acids that are anchored to the cell wall and the cytoplasmic membrane represent wall teichoic acids and lipoteichoic acids, respectively. d-Alanylation of teichoic acids (mediated by DltABCD) and l-lysinylation of membrane phospholipids (mediated by MprF) are indicated by the letters A or L in circles, respectively. Letters below each strain designate the phenotype when exposed to each antimicrobial as inferred from the survival assays: R, resistant; S, sensitive; MS, most sensitive. Potential electrostatic repulsion or exclusion of antimicrobials facilitated by teichoic acid as well as phospholipid modifications are indicated by deflected arrows with a horizontal line, whereas a plain arrow indicates antimicrobial penetration to the target site. The combination of two arrows indicates partial resistance provided by the specific modification.

Article Snippet: The stock antimicrobial concentrations were 500 μg/ml (NIS), 1,000 μg/ml (LAE), 50,000 μg/ml (EPL), and 50,000 μg/ml (CHI), and they were prepared in sterile H 2 O except for CHI, which was prepared in 1% (vol/vol) acetic acid as previously described ( 31 ).

Techniques: Membrane, Modification

Journal: Investigative radiology

Article Title: AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3T

doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000576

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison between iopromide, iopamidol and iohexol at 35°C. The first row shows the chemical structure (A), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (B), RPM values at both 4.2 and 5.6 ppm (C) and RST values at both 0.54 and 1.1 μT (D) for iopromide. The second row shows the chemical structure (E), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (F), RPM values at both 4.2 and 5.6 ppm (G) and RST values at 600° and 300°(H) for iopamidol. The third row shows the chemical structure (I), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (J) and RPM values at both 4.3 ppm (K) for iohexol. RPM = ratio of RF power mismatch, RST = relative saturation transfer, ppm = parts per million.

Article Snippet: Chemicals Commercially purchased stock solutions of iopamidol at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Isovue, Bracco Imaging S.p.A, Milan, Italy), iopromide at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Ultravist, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals LLC, Berlin, Germany), and iohexol at 920 mM concentration (350 mgI/mL Omnipaque, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL) were used in this study.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Investigative radiology

Article Title: AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3T

doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000576

Figure Lengend Snippet: Investigation of CEST effects versus contrast agent concentrations for both liquid and tissue phantoms at 35°C. The first row shows the RPM values at 4.2 ppm for iopamidol (A), RST values at 1.1 μT for iopamidol (B), and RPM values at 4.3 ppm for iohexol (C) of the liquid phantom with two pH values of 6.6 and 7.2. The concentrations of both iopamidol and iohexol liquid phantom range from 30 to 300 mM. The second row shows the RPM values at 4.2 ppm for iopamidol (D), RST values at 1.1 μT for iopamidol (E) and RPM values at 4.3 ppm for iohexol (F) of the tissue phantom including both cartilage and meniscus at pH 6.6. The concentrations of both the iopamidol and iohexol tissue phantoms range from 100 to 300 mM. RPM = ratio of RF power mismatch, RST = relative saturation transfer, ppm = parts per million, mM = millimolar.

Article Snippet: Chemicals Commercially purchased stock solutions of iopamidol at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Isovue, Bracco Imaging S.p.A, Milan, Italy), iopromide at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Ultravist, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals LLC, Berlin, Germany), and iohexol at 920 mM concentration (350 mgI/mL Omnipaque, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL) were used in this study.

Techniques:

Journal: Investigative radiology

Article Title: AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3T

doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000576

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of CEST effects of fluid, cartilage, and meniscus in the tissue phantom with 200 mM of contrast at 35°C. RPM values at 4.2 ppm for iopamidol (A), RST values at 1.1 μT for iopamidol (B) and RPM values at 4.3 ppm for iohexol (C) for fluid, cartilage, and meniscus are presented with circles, squares and triangles, respectively. The corresponding linear regression curves are shown with the measured R2 values in the bottom row. RPM = ratio of RF power mismatch, RST = relative saturation transfer.

Article Snippet: Chemicals Commercially purchased stock solutions of iopamidol at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Isovue, Bracco Imaging S.p.A, Milan, Italy), iopromide at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Ultravist, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals LLC, Berlin, Germany), and iohexol at 920 mM concentration (350 mgI/mL Omnipaque, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL) were used in this study.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Investigative radiology

Article Title: AcidoCEST-UTE MRI for the Assessment of Extracellular pH of Joint Tissues at 3T

doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000576

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison between iopromide, iopamidol and iohexol at 35°C. The first row shows the chemical structure (A), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (B), RPM values at both 4.2 and 5.6 ppm (C) and RST values at both 0.54 and 1.1 μT (D) for iopromide. The second row shows the chemical structure (E), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (F), RPM values at both 4.2 and 5.6 ppm (G) and RST values at 600° and 300°(H) for iopamidol. The third row shows the chemical structure (I), Z-spectrum at pH = 6.3 (J) and RPM values at both 4.3 ppm (K) for iohexol. RPM = ratio of RF power mismatch, RST = relative saturation transfer, ppm = parts per million.

Article Snippet: Chemicals Commercially purchased stock solutions of iopamidol at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Isovue, Bracco Imaging S.p.A, Milan, Italy), iopromide at 972 mM concentration (370 mgI/mL Ultravist, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals LLC, Berlin, Germany), and iohexol at 920 mM concentration (350 mgI/mL Omnipaque, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL) were used in this study.

Techniques: Comparison